专利摘要:
A liquid cleaning apparatus comprising: a tank having a liquid input and a liquid output, where the apparatus further comprises a sediment collecting element comprising, a sediment collecting area located within the volume of the tank adapted to allow particles in the liquid having a greater density that than the liquid to settle by gravity into a submerged sediment, a closed sediment collecting volume having a first end in liquid communication with the sediment collecting area, sediment transport means adapted to transport any submerged settled sediment particles from the sediment collecting area and into the sediment collecting volume, wherein the sediment collecting volume is adapted so that liquid inside the volume is substituted by transported sediment particles and the substituted liquid is forced in a direction towards the first end in order to reduce the liquid content of the settled sediment particles inside the collecting volume.
公开号:DK201370464A1
申请号:DK201370464
申请日:2013-08-27
公开日:2015-03-16
发明作者:Dennis Søgaard
申请人:Dennis Søgaard;Pureteq As;
IPC主号:
专利说明:

[TITLE] AN APPARATUS FOR REMOVING SUPSENDED SOLIDS FROM LIQUIDS [FIELD OF THE INVENTION] [BACKGROUND]
In industrial applications where polluted gas, such as flue gas, is being produced, the flue gas is often introduced into a hazardous substance removal apparatus in order for the gaseous formed solids within the flue gas to be collected in a liquid inside the hazardous substance removal apparatus. The gaseous flue gas is introduced into a compartment where liquids, such as water, are sprayed into the same compartment, causing a drop in the temperature of the gas and removing hazardous particles from the gaseous flue gas.
Thus, the flue gas is introduced into a hazardous substance removal apparatus where hazardous particles are removed and the flue gas exits the apparatus where the hazardous substance content of the flue gas is reduced significantly. Such apparatus is shown in e.g. US 2008/0174032. A liquid, such as water, is introduced into the hazardous substance removal apparatus, and when the liquid has served its purpose inside the apparatus, the cleaning liquid has an increased concentration of the particles that were removed from the flue gas. Some of the particles are safe for the environment and can be disposed of directly into the environment, while some of the particles may be hazardous to the environment and must be removed from the liquid before the liquid is disposed into the environment.
One method of removing such particles may be to introduce the liquid into a decanter centrifuge, where slurry or contaminated liquid is introduced into the centrifuge. The liquid is centrifuged in a cylinder, where the solid material collects on the side walls of the centrifuge, and is maneuvered out of the centrifuge as dehydrated solids, while the clarified liquid is drained from the centrifuge. Such an apparatus is both expensive and complex, as the centrifuge has to be spun using a motor, and the solids must be maneuvered out of the centrifuge mechanically. This causes the system to be highly vul- nerable to mechanical breakdowns, which could lead to a complete halt to the industrial application if the liquid cannot be cleaned and disposed of. US7771594 relates to methods and apparatus for removing suspended solids from aqueous fluids, and from water-based drilling fluids in particular, where the apparatus comprises a settling tank having a sloping floor extending from an upper end to a lower end; a collection chamber adjacent to, and having a floor lower than, said lower end of the settling tank's sloping floor, said collection chamber having an outlet port. However, the apparatus is quite complex, the substances are difficult to remove from the tank when the substances are settled inside the tank.
Thus, there is a need for a reliable and simple apparatus for removing solid particles from liquids in industrial applications.
[GENERAL DESCRIPTION]
In accordance with the invention, there is provided a liquid cleaning apparatus comprising: a tank having a liquid input and a liquid output, where the apparatus further comprises; a sediment collecting element comprising, a sediment collecting area located within the volume of the tank adapted to allow particles in the liquid having a greater density than the liquid to settle by gravity into a submerged sediment, a closed sediment collecting volume having a first end in liquid communication with the sediment collecting area, sediment transport means adapted to transport any submerged settled sediment particles from the sediment collecting area and into the sediment collecting volume, where the sediment collecting volume is adapted so that liquid inside the volume is substituted by transported sediment particles and the substituted liquid is forced in a direction towards the first end in order to reduce the liquid content of the settled sediment particles within the collecting volume.
When the tank is filled with liquid to be cleaned, the liquid immerses the sediment collecting area, and the liquid enters the sediment collecting volume, so that the closed volume fills until the volume fills with liquid. The solid particles in the liquid settle into the sediment collecting area, and are subsequently transported from the sediment collecting area and into the sediment collecting volume. If there is unhindered liquid communication between the sediment collecting area and the sediment collecting volume, and the solid particles have a greater density than the liquid, the particles substitute liquid inside the volume, so that the entry of a particle forces substantially the same volume. or liquid from the volume. The forcing of the liquid from the volume ensures that when particles enter the volume, the liquid content of the materials inside the volume decreases, as the volume of sediment particles increases while the volume of liquid decreases, ensuring that the liquid content is reduced with added sediment particles.
By continuing the process of transporting the collected sediment particles into the sediment collecting volume it is possible to reduce the liquid content inside the sediment collecting volume gradually until a predefined level of liquid content within the volume is reached. Thus, the removal of the sediment within the sediment collecting volume ensures that the collected sediment, which are impurities of the liquid, may be disposed of without wasting too much of the cleaned liquid, and the cleaned liquid may be introduced into the environment.
The liquid content of the sediment inside the sediment collecting area is approximately 97% by volume, while it is possible to reduce the liquid content within the collecting volume to approximately 30-40%, which ensures that the disposed sediment has a higher sediment particle concentration. and has a smaller volume than would be disposed of directly from the sediment collecting area.
In one embodiment the tank may comprise a first and / or a second peripheral edge that extends toward the sediment collecting area, having a plane substantially parallel to the central axis of the tank. The tank is preferably provided with side edges that extend at an angle towards the sediment collecting area, so that when the particles that puddle the liquid sinks in the volume of liquid, the particles are directed towards the sediment collecting area. This means, for example, that the sediment collecting area may be a relatively small area at the bottom of the tank, and the peripheral edges ensure that the particles are directed toward the collecting area and ensures that the particles will not spread in direction away. from the collecting area.
The sediment collecting area may be positioned at the lowest part of the tank, where the collecting area extends from the first end of the tank and towards the second end of the tank, where the longitudinal axis of the sediment collecting area is substantially parallel to the flow direction of the tank from the liquid input to the liquid output.
In one embodiment, the sediment collecting element may be provided with a first valve between the sediment collecting volume and the sediment collecting area, to close off liquid communication between the sediment collecting volume and area. Thus, when the sediment collecting volume has reached a predefined volume of sediment particles, and is ready to be emptied, the first valve may be closed, so that the liquid communication between the sediment collecting area and the volume is closed, ensuring that the liquid inside the tank does not flow past the first valve. Thus, the concentrated sediment inside the sediment collecting volume may be removed and the volume emptied. Upon emptying the sediment collecting volume and ensuring that the volume is closed, the valve may be opened again, and again allowing liquid communication between the sediment collecting area and the liquid collecting volume, and allowing the sediment collected in the sediment collected area to be subsequently transported into the sediment collecting volume.
In one embodiment, the sediment collecting volume may be provided with an opening mechanism for providing external access to the collecting volume allowing the collected sediment to be discharged from the sediment collecting volume. The opening mechanism may be a mechanism that can be toggled between having an open access to the collecting volume, and having the access closed to the collecting volume. When the collecting volume has been emptied, the opening mechanism can be opened, providing an opening into the volume, and the collected sediment can be removed or discharged from the collecting volume. Once the collected sediment has been removed, the sediment collecting volume can be sealed off using the opening mechanism, so that the collecting volume is again sealed from the outside, and is capable of re-establishing its function of collecting sediment.
In one embodiment, the sediment collecting element may be provided with a compressed air input, positioned between the first valve and the sediment collecting volume for vacating the collected sediment. Thus, the compressed air input may be utilized to blow compressed air into the collecting volume, so that the compressed air pushes the collected sediment out of the collecting volume, and out of the open external access to the collecting volume, thereby emptying the sediment collecting volume.
In one embodiment the sediment collecting area comprises one or more openings into a sediment collecting compartment. The sediment collecting area may be arranged at the bottom of the tank, where the settled sediment may enter a sediment collecting compartment that is separated from the tank, creating a separated volume ensuring that any liquid flow inside the tank disturbs the settled sediment as little as possible. The sediment collecting compartment may be provided with one or more openings that allow access from the tank and / or the sediment collecting area and into the sediment collecting compartment.
In one embodiment, the sediment collecting compartment may be an elongated cylindrical unit. The elongated cylindrical unit may be positioned at the lowest point of the tank, extending along the entire length of the bottom of the tank, ensuring that all longitudinal cross sections of the tank are provided with a sediment collecting compartment.
In one embodiment the sediment transport means may be a screw conveyor for transporting the settled sediment. The screw conveyor may be rotated along its longitudinal access so that the rotating movement of the screw conveyor moves the settled sediment particles in a direction toward the sediment collecting volume. The screw conveyor may be provided at the bottom of the tank, or may alternatively be provided inside the cylindrical sediment collecting compartment, thereby being separated from the tank. The cylindrical sediment collecting compartment may have a diameter substantially equal to or slightly larger than the diameter of the screw conveyor, ensuring that the sediment is moved in a single direction and providing radial boundaries for the screw conveyor.
In one embodiment an increased resistance of the screw conveyor may be used to initiate the emptying of the sediment collecting volume.
In one embodiment, the sediment collecting area may be positioned substantially equidistant from the first peripheral edge and the second peripheral edge. Thus the sediment collecting area may be positioned substantially at the center of the tank, thereby ensuring that the particles in the liquid that are settling have the shortest possible distance to travel, in a direction transverse to the direction of liquid flow to reach the sediment. collecting area, as the particles sink in a substantially vertical direction in the liquid. Thus, a particle that is in liquid close to the peripheral edge of the tank will only have to be maneuvered or directed a length that is at maximum half the width of the tank.
In one embodiment the plane of the base wall may extend at an angle that is between 10-30 degrees from horizontal, more specifically between 12-20 degrees from horizontal, even more specifically between 13-17 degrees from horizontal, more specifically at substantially 15 degrees from horizontal. The angle of the base wall, i.e. the wall extending between the sediment collecting area and the peripheral edge of the tank may be angled so that when the particles come into contact with the base wall, the particle has a tendency to move in a direction towards the sediment collecting area due to the combination of the angle of the wall and gravity. The particles may settle on the base wall in a layer, so that when the mass of the layer reaches a certain amount, the mass and gravity overcomes the static friction of the base wall and the mass slides towards the sediment collecting area.
In one embodiment the base wall may be provided with a mechanical agitating element to provide mechanical disturbance to the base wall to assist settled sediment on the base wall to move towards the sediment collecting area. In situations where the base wall may be provided with a layer of settled particles that have moved towards the sediment collecting area, the base wall may be provided with mechanical agitating element or means to mechanically disturb the settled particles so that the particles slide towards the collecting area. The mechanical agitation element may be in the form of vibration means that may be used to move the settled particles and reduce the friction coefficient of the wall from static friction to kinetic friction, which is usually lower
In one embodiment the height of the tank may be less than 700 mm, more specifically 600 mm, more specifically 500 mm.
[LETTER DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS]
The invention is explained in detail below with reference to the drawing, in which
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a liquid cleaning apparatus in accordance with the invention.
[DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS]
FIG. 1 shows a liquid cleaning apparatus 1 comprising a tank 2, where the tank comprises a first end 3, having a liquid input 4 and a second end 5 having a liquid output, and a bottom 7. The tank 2 is adapted to receive a liquid 8 which is to be cleaned, where the cleaning apparatus 1 is adapted to remove particles in the liquid 8 which have a greater density than the liquid. The cleaning of the liquid 8 occurs while the liquid 8 is flowing in a direction from the first end 3 to the second end 5 in the direction shown by arrow A. When the liquid enters the tank 2, the liquid contains contaminant particles that must be removed from the liquid before the liquid is disposed of in the environment, if the amount of contaminants may be greater than what is allowed, for the liquid to be released back into the environment. The liquid is preferably water, which has been utilized to clean liquid gas, and the cleaning has resulted in the water containing a significant amount of calcium sulphates, in suspended particulate form, which must be cleaned before the water is introduced back into the environment. .
The suspended contaminant particles in the water, which have a higher density (mass per unit volume) than the water, have a natural tendency to sink in the water in the direction of gravity B. Thus, as the tank has a liquid input 4 that is placed lower than the liquid output 6, ensures that the particles suspended in the water are not allowed to escape the tank via liquid output 6. The flow of the liquid may be adjusted to ensure that the flow rate of liquid is so limited that the flow does not raise the particles in the water, especially at the second end 5, for the particles to escape through the liquid output.
The flow rate of the liquid 8 inside the tank 2 may be adjusted so that when the particle has traveled in a longitudinal direction A from the first end to the second end, the particle will have reached the bottom 7 of the tank in order for the particles to settle on the bottom 7 of the tank 2 in a sediment collecting area. Thus, while the particle suspended in the liquid travels X units in direction A of the flow, it travels Y units in direction B towards the bottom, ensuring that the particles suspended in the liquid 8 are not in the vicinity of the liquid output of the tank, when the liquid exits the tank. Thus, by introducing the liquid inside the tank, and allowing the liquid to flow through the tank, the suspended particles will settle on the bottom 7 and the liquid exiting the tank will have a much lower concentration of contaminant particles than the liquid entering the tank. tank.
When the particles settle on the bottom 7 of the tank 2, in the sediment collecting area 10, it is important that the sediment is removed from the tank 2, without stirring too much in the sediment in order to ensure that the sediment does not re -contaminate the liquid. Furthermore, the liquid content of the sediment, when collected at the bottom of the tank may be around 90-97%, which means that if the sediment is removed directly from the liquid in the tank, there would be a significant loss of liquid that could not be reintroduced clean into the environment, and the sediment would have to be cleaned further in order to be ready for disposal.
Thus, a transport element 9 may be provided in the sediment collecting area, which transports the collected sediment in a direction C towards a sediment collecting volume 11, which is in liquid communication with the sediment collecting area 10 and the tank 2. The sediment collecting volume is provided with two closing mechanisms, a first closing mechanism 12 and a second closing mechanism 13, where both mechanisms are capable of individually closing off and opening up the first end and the second end of the collecting volume 11, respectively.
During the operation of the apparatus, the first closing mechanism 12 is open, allowing the volume 11 to be in direct liquid contact with the tank 2, and the second closing mechanism 13 is closed ensuring that the liquid does not exit the volume 11 during operation. . The volume may be arranged at a lower area than the sediment collecting area, so gravity forces the liquid inside the volume, and fills up the volume when liquid is inside the tank 2. The transport element may be in the form of a screw conveyor, which is driven by a motor 17, preferably an electric motor, which moves the sediment in the direction C towards the first end 4 and into the collecting volume.
If both the transport means 9 and the liquid collecting volume are immersed in the liquid 8, the transport means effectively only moves the sediment in the direction, while not increasing the liquid pressure inside the collecting volume 11, as the liquid is in free flow back into the tank 2. Thus, when the transport means moves sediment from the bottom 7 and into the volume in the direction shown by arrow D, the sediment sinks into the volume and as the sediment has a higher density than water, the volume of sediment introduced into the volume forces approximately the same volume of water out of the volume and in a direction towards the tank. Thus, the substitution of the sediment particles ensures that the liquid content of collected sediment inside the volume is reduced when the amount of sediment inside the volume 11 is increased. Thus, collecting the sediment in the collecting volume ensures that the sludge inside the volume has a higher concentration of sediment particles compared to the concentration of the sediment inside the tank.
When the sediment collecting volume has reached a level of sediment that requires the emptying of the collection volume 11, the first closing mechanism 12 may be closed, ensuring that the liquid communication between the tank 2 and volume 11 is sealed, and the second closing mechanism 13 may be opened. The second closing mechanism opens the collecting volume into an disposal area 18, where the sludge inside the volume may be disposed of. In order to assist the emptying of the collecting volume 11, the collecting volume may be provided with a compressed air input 19, which allows compressed air to be introduced into the collecting volume 11 in the opposite end 14 of volume 11, allowing the air to push the collected sludge out of volume 11. The collected sludge may be relatively dense, as the liquid has been removed from the sediment, so that the sludge does not release on its own from the collecting volume, and the air may be used to shorten the release time of the sludge from volume 11.
When volume 11 has been emptied, the second closing mechanism 13 may be closed, sealing off the communication between the volume 11 and the disposal area 18, and the first mechanism may be opened, allowing liquid from the tank 2 to flow freely into the collecting volume 11. Thus, the collection of sediment from the tank may commence.
The level of sediment inside the collecting volume 11 may be monitored through the energy usage of the screw conveyor. When there is increased resistance to the screw conveyor, increasing energy usage indicates that the screw conveyor is pressing onto sediment that is unable to enter the collecting volume 11, and partially blocking the flow of sediment into the volume 11, as the collecting volume. 11 is about to be filled. The increase in energy usage may be utilized to trigger the automatic emptying of the collecting volume or to provide an indication to a user that the collecting volume is full or is close to being full.
FIG. 2 shows the apparatus 1 in sectional view along line ll-ll of FIG. 1, where the tank is shown to have a first and a second base wall 21,22 angled downwards from the lateral peripheral edges of the tank 2, in order to ensure that the particles sink in the liquid 8, in the direction of gravity B, are also forced or directed in the direction D, D 'towards the sediment collecting area 10. The height of the tank may be reduced, having a width greater than the height, so that the one tank may be stacked upon an identical tank, allowing the throughput of the cleaning apparatus to be increased, by providing more settling tanks. The tanks may be stacked so that the base of the tank 24 abuts the peripheral edges 25,26 of the base walls 21,22.
The cylindrical element 23 of the sediment collecting area 10 may be a cylindrical tube 23, which houses the screw conveyor 9, where the cylindrical tube 23 may have at least one opening 27, which allows access from the tank and into the cylindrical element 23. The cylindrical element may have a plurality of opening 27, extending periodically along the length of the cylindrical element 23, so that sediment may enter the cylindrical element along the entire length of the tank, from the first end to the second end. The openings 27 may be discrete openings, which are drilled, stamped, bored, into the cylindrical tube 23 so that there are areas between the openings that are intact, and allow the cylindrical element 23 to extend 360 degrees, in the cross sectional areas. where there are no openings. This ensures that the cylindrical tube maintains its structural integrity, and does not deform from its original radial circumference when openings are arranged into the cylindrical tube 23.
权利要求:
Claims (10)
[1] 1. A liquid cleaning apparatus comprising: -a tank having a liquid input and a liquid output, where the apparatus further comprises: -a sediment collecting element comprising: o a sediment collecting area located within the volume of the tank adapted to allow particles in the liquid having a greater density that than the liquid to settle by gravity into a submerged sediment, o a closed sediment collecting volume having a first end in liquid communication with the sediment collecting area, o sediment transport means adapted to transport any submerged settled sediment particles from the sediment collecting area and into the sediment collecting volume, o wherein the sediment collecting volume is adapted so that liquid inside the volume is substituted by transported sediment particles and the substituted liquid is forced in a direction towards the first end in order to reduce the liquid content of the settled sediment particles inside the collecting volume.
[2] 2. A liquid cleaning apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising extending from a first and/or a second peripheral edge towards the sediment collecting area, having a plane that is substantially parallel to the central axis of the tank.
[3] 3. A liquid cleaning apparatus in accordance with any of the preceding claims, wherein the sediment collecting element is provided with a first valve between the sediment collecting volume and the sediment collecting area, to close off liquid communication between the sediment collecting volume and area.
[4] 4. A liquid cleaning apparatus in accordance with any of the preceding claims, wherein the sediment collecting element is provided with a compressed air input, positioned between the first valve and the sediment collecting volume for vacating the collected sediment.
[5] 5. A liquid cleaning apparatus in accordance with any of the preceding claims, wherein the sediment collecting volume is provided with an opening mechanism for providing access external access to the collecting volume allowing the collected sediment to be discharged from the sediment collecting volume.
[6] 6. A liquid cleaning apparatus in accordance with any of the preceding claims, wherein the sediment collecting area comprises one or more openings into a sediment collecting compartment.
[7] 7. A liquid cleaning apparatus in accordance with any of the preceding claims, wherein the sediment collecting compartment is an elongated cylindrical unit.
[8] 8. A liquid cleaning apparatus in accordance with any of the preceding claims, wherein the sediment transport means is a screw conveyor for moving the settled sediment.
[9] 9. A liquid cleaning apparatus in accordance with any of the preceding claims, wherein increased resistance to the screw conveyor is used to initiate the emptying of the sediment collecting volume.
[10] 10. A liquid cleaning apparatus in accordance with any of the preceding claims, wherein the sediment collecting area is positioned substantially equidistant from the first peripheral edge and the second peripheral edge.
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同族专利:
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引用文献:
公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题

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法律状态:
优先权:
申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
DK201370464A|DK178361B1|2013-08-27|2013-08-27|An apparatus for removing supsended solids from liquids|
DK201370464|2013-08-27|DK201370464A| DK178361B1|2013-08-27|2013-08-27|An apparatus for removing supsended solids from liquids|
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